Cecil Rhodes, British-born South African, financier, statesman and empire builder, 1891. Artist: Spy

Cecil Rhodes, British-born South African, financier, statesman and empire builder, 1891. Rhodes (1853-1902) made his fortune in the Kimberley diamond mines, and formed De Beers Consolidated Mines in 1888. As Managing Director of the British South Africa Company, he administered a territory roughly equivalent to the modern nation of Zimbabwe (previously known as Rhodesia after Rhodes). Rhodes became Prime Minister of the Cape Colony in 1890, but resigned in 1896 when his role in instigating the Jameson Raid into the Transvaal came to light In his will he left funds to found the Rhodes Scholarships at Oxford University for Germans and Americans. The Cape, cartoon for Vanity Fair, 1891. (Photo by Ann Ronan Pictures/Print Collector/Getty Images)