Darwinism, Natural Selection of Living Organisms, lithograph, published in 1897 - stock illustration

Darwinism - Principle of Natural Selection of Living Organisms by Charles Darwin (English naturalist, 1809-1882): 1 - 4) in animals of the same breed and environment - Bumblebee (Bombus confusus); 5 - 7) Climatic transformations between southern and northern Europe - Small tortoiseshell (Aglais urticae); 8 - 9) Transformations between the seasons (seasonal dimorphism) - Map butterfly (Araschnia levana); 10 - 16) Gender-specific transformations (Sexual dimorphism) - Ancyluris inca (female 10, male 11), Scarab beetle (Phanaeus festivus, 12 male, 13-16 male); 17 - 19) Crossbreed between of two organisms of different breeds, varieties, species or genera through sexual reproduction (Bastardization) - Primula auricula (17) and Primula hirsuta (18) are the parents of Primula pubescens (19); 20 - 25) Adaptation to the aquatic life - Water chestnut (Trapa natans), plant (20) and nut (21), Water-crowfoot (Ranunculus aquatilis, 22), Mayfly (Ephemera vulgata, 23) and its gill larva (24), Backswimmer (Notonecta glauca, 25); 26 - 27) Adapting to the parasite life - Toothwort (Lathraea squamaria, 26), Dutchman's pipe (Monotropa Hypopithys, 27). Lithograph, published in 1897.